Pdf introduction to climate change mitigation researchgate. Amonette and coworkers model the potential impact of. Mitigation and adaptation solutions climate change. An anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases. What people might do to reduce harm of climate change, or make themselves best able to take advantage of climate. A mitigationbased rationale for incorporating a climate. It will help to inform government on how to strengthen the climate and disaster risk management policies.
Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability, was unequivocal. The climate change agenda has risen substantially in global and national importance and the topic has thus been given a dedicated chapter in this 2. The storage in soils of biochar, the product of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as an attractive option to mitigate climate change. Perspectives on climate change mitigation climate science. Climate change mitigation strategy to 2050 1 message from city of melbourne this climate change mitigation strategy is a major commitment to action. Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e. Technologies to support climate change adaptation in. Climate change and its impact on our environment, our economies and our security, is the defining issue of our era. Blue growth potential to mitigate climate change through. Adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities. Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Mitigation can mean using new technologies and renewable energies, making older equipment more energy efficient, or changing management practices or consumer behavior. Gef support for climate change mitigation efforts touches on a range of sectors, including. Reducing emissions of and stabilizing the levels of heattrapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere mitigation. To ensure the safety, security, and sustainable development of the society, it is therefore essential to implement not only initiatives for the longterm mitigation of climate change, but also policies to adapt to climate change. In december of 2015, all parties of the unfccc reached a climate change mitigation and adaptation agreement, called the paris agreement, in order to keep global temperatures below a 2c increase above preindustrial temperatures. Adaptation and mitigation are two different approaches to minimising the impact and extent of climate change. Climate change is a global problem that will require global cooperation to address. Climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture. A global deal on climate change this year, the conference of parties cop to the 1992 united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc will meet in paris to coordinate the latest step in the international. The oecd has been at the forefront of climate change policy analysis for the past two decades. If the benefits exceed the costs, the government has an incentive to mitigate. Climate change mitigation research papers academia.
Climate change adaptation, mitigation practices, and policy frameworks are critical to protect livestock production. This climate change mitigation strategy sets out how city of london corporation plans to catalyse action to reduce. Aquatic farming of seaweeds is a growing sector that may provide a new form of offsetting in the oceans. The impacts of climate change are global in scope and unprecedented in scale. However, a country that reduces its emissions will not benefit from its reductions unless global emissions do not. This increase in atmospheric co 2 from about 280 to. Mitigating climate change european environment agency. Humaninduced climate change is happening and the effects are already evident shrinking ice caps, droughts and flooding, storms and extinctions. Reducing greenhouse gases ghg s through mitigation actions will lessen the impact of climate change on the pacific islands and other small island. Mitigation activities may include increasing the use of renewable energy technology, making older equipment more energy efficient, or changing management practices or. The purpose of climate change mitigation is to enact measures to limit the extent of climate change.
It can be as complex as a plan for a new city, or as a simple as improvements to a. The cancun adaptation framework, adopted in 2010 under the. This generally involves reductions in human emissions of greenhouse gases ghgs fossil fuels account for about 70% of ghg emissions. Another striking aspect of these pathways is the additional benefits they provide. However, a country that reduces its emissions will not benefit from its reductions unless global emissions do not increase remain the same or decrease. The link between climate change mitigation, adaptation and. The european commission has prepared an introductory brief exploring the risk that climate change poses to agriculture and outlining how new farm and soil management techniques can play a vital role in reducing agricultural emissions. Handbook of climate change mitigation and adaptation springerlink. Climate change mitigation an overview sciencedirect topics. Nevertheless, there are also clear linkages in respect of the overarching terminology used and the underlying risk. Climate change mitigation as regards the future of agriculture under the changing climate, a range of adjustment measures can be undertaken relating to farming practices, for example planting, harvesting and wateringfertilising existing crops, using different varieties, diversifying crops, implementing management practices. The interaction between climate change and all areas of the gefs work points to the importance of recognizing climate change implications in other focal areas by harnessing mitigation options and integrating climate resilience measures, while promoting multiple global environmental benefits in a holistic and integrated fashion. This climate change mitigation strategy sets out how city of. Special report on renewable energy sources and climate change mitigation pdf.
Climate mitigation climate mitigation is any action taken to permanently eliminate or reduce the longterm risk and hazards of climate change to human life, property. Climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies already. Sustainable biochar to mitigate global climate change. Climate change adaptation and mitigation food and agriculture. Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of longterm global warming and its related effects. Pdf since the first edition of the handbook, important new research findings on climate change have been gathered. This report emphasizes the environmental, fiscal, economic, and administrative case for using carbon taxes, or similar pricing schemes such as emission trading systems, to implement climate mitigation strategies. To mitigate the effects, a senior official in the environment ministry says the government has adopted a climate change adaptation program to reduce impact on communities as weather and climate patterns continue to change. Climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture learners notes 10 droughts which have further degraded the land and in some countries led to famines. Several mitigation methods such as use of alternative green energy sources, reducing the use of fossil fuels, use of greenhouse gas reduction techniques during the emission.
But, as individuals we can slow down global warming by implementing small more sustainable actions within our community. Climate change mitigation in developing countries coursera. Addressing climate change is one of the nine key objectives upon which the future cap will be based. According to nasa and ipcc, global temperature has increased by 1.
Contribution of working group iii to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change edenhofer, o. But every day of inaction makes its consequences more. Mitigation reducing climate change involves reducing the flow of heattrapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, either by reducing sources of these gases for example, the burning of fossil fuels for electricity, heat or transport or enhancing the sinks that accumulate and store these gases such as the oceans, forests and soil. This issue of the fiscal monitor argues that policymakers need to act urgently to mitigate climate change and thus reduce its. These are some of the mitigation measures that can be taken to avoid the increase of pollutant emissions. As the cofounder and secretariat of the bonn challenge a global effort to bring 150 million hectares of deforested and degraded land under restoration by 2020 and 350 million hectares by 2030 iucn supports national and subnational decision makers in.
Others wanting to mitigate the climate change risks may request international financial help for building domestic capabilities. Prospects for climate resilient pathways are related fundamentally to what the world accomplishes with climate change mitigation, but both mitigation and adaptation are essential for climate change risk management at all scales high confidence. Climate change mitigation refers to efforts to reduce or prevent emission of greenhouse gases. Carbon offsetting is a contentious but growing market for mitigating climate change.
Climate change mitigation global environment facility. Adaptation to climate change in cities is a necessity. Mitigation, therefore, attends to the causes of climate change, while a daptation addresses its impacts. The citys climate change adaptation strategy details our work on preparing for those impacts. Lal carbon management and sequestration center, school of natural resources, the ohio state university, oardcfaes, 2021 coffey road, columbus, oh 43210, usa available online 16 april 2004 abstract the increase in atmospheric concentration of co.
Due to massive price drops, wind power and solar photovoltaics pv. The objective of the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, which virtually all nations, including the u. Such reduction may be achieved by1 increasing the capacity of carbonsinks through reforestation, and not allowing ocean to. The national climate change adaptation and mitigation strategy enammc now published, represents a turning point in mozambiques response to the challenges of climate change, indica ting a clear set the strategic actions to be implemented so that mozambique is able to ensure a. The national climate change response strategy provides a framework for a comprehensive and strategic approach on aspects of adaptation, mitigation, technology, financing, public education and awareness. Carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas, have caused a substantial increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide co 2 in the atmosphere. Deforestation reduces the co2 sink and it further enhances the greenhouse effect. The international panel on climate change ipcc defines mitigation as. Climate change mitigation should not be addressed in isolation of the need to deliver many other changes adaptation to climate change, protection of animal health and welfare, reduction of the environmental impacts of agriculture and better quality, healthier diet. View climate change mitigation research papers on academia. Adapting to the climate change already in the pipeline adaptation.
Technologies to support climate change adaptation 2 box 1. Global warming has caused serious changes to the planet, such as rising sea levels, extreme weather events, deforestation, disappearance of species. The main challenge is their substitution with lowcarbon energy sources. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts. The economics of climate change lie at the epicentre of any viable solution. This research, which focuses on ecosystems and land use, investigates how households dependent on ecosystems can benefit from climate change adaptation and mitigation. The urban climate change vulnerability and risk assessment framework differs slightly from interpretations adopted by international organisations including the ipcc, for example within their special report on managing the risks of extreme events and disasters, and the unisdr. The volume provides a comprehensive and transparent assessment of relevant options for mitigating. The city of melbourne is proud to be part of a local and international movement of cities that will act to reduce emissions and to address climate change. Since climate change is inevitable and some degree of the changes will occur and affect the environment regardless of future mitigation of climate change, some actions should be taken in order to minimize the climate induced risks to the environment, human health, society and economics. But every day of inaction makes its consequences more irreversible, so we need to act now.
Carbon dioxide co 2 emissions are a key driver of this alarming trend. Although urban climate change adaptation is a relatively new topic, over recent years significant advances have been made in policy, practice and research on climate change adaptation more broadly, and in urban areas specifically. The agreement will be enforced 30 days after 55 countries ratify the agreement. Climate change is a truly global problem and thus requires a global solution. The handbook was extended to also cover, apart from climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation as one can witness increasing initiatives to cope with the phenomenon. Together, these countries account for over 80% of global ghg emissions. Soil and water conservation programs mitigate the effects of climate change by storing carbon in the soil and by reducing the amount of fertilizers, fuel, and other inputs needed for agriculture. Jun 06, 2019 climate change mitigation are actions to limit the magnitude andor rate of longterm climate change. It provides a quantitative framework for understanding their effects and tradeoffs with other instruments and applies it to the largest advanced and emerging economies. Aug 10, 2010 the storage in soils of biochar, the product of biomass pyrolysis, has been proposed as an attractive option to mitigate climate change. Restoring forest landscapes helps enhance climate change mitigation and adaptation. In reading this chapter, it needs to be borne in mind. Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of global warming. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human anthropogenic emissions of.
The environment and humanity have been threatened by the escalating impacts of climate change zegeye, 20. Thus, urgent actions are needed to combat climate change. Cambridge university press, cambridge, united kingdom. Whether you are a climate change practitioner, work in development or are simply curious about how climate mitigation is understood, this course will give you insights into the complexity of how countries from the south pursue development goals while addressing climate mitigation. In response, scientists and institutions in the region have established the soil and water research. Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change r. This means that a global deal to mitigate emissions is paramount in preventing the continued acceleration of climate change. Failure to take affirmative measures to prevent human rights harms. It brings together the knowledge and opinions of 40 contributors scientists, development workers, and. A series of coherent and integrated development policies in the area of safeguarding food security and rural livelihoods, while implementing adaptation and mitigation.
Climate change mitigation is a longterm measure aiming to reduce the amount of anthropogenic human emissions of ghg fisher et al. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases ghgs. If greenhousegas emission levels continue to rise, the ipcc stated. To mitigate climate change and to prevent its negative human rights impacts. Review soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. A mitigationbased rationale for incorporating a climate change impacts fee into the federal coal program sabin center for climate change law columbia law school iii lessor has within its authority the ability to protect its other properties, or to require compensation for impacts to them, from activities it permits on its land. Zimbabwes national climate change response strategy. This report estimates the reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that result from. Pdf global warming and climate change, causes, impacts and. These activities are reinforced by federal mandates and nps initiatives, such as the green parks plan pdf 2. The city of melbourne is proud to be part of a local and international movement of cities that will act to reduce emissions and to address climate change impacts. Climate change has devastated communities in africa with drought becoming the order of the day.
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